Summary The poet imagines that the young man objects to the bliss of marriage on the grounds that he might die young anyway or that he might die and leave a bereaved widow and an orphaned child. To these arguments, the poet replies that should the young man marry, have […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 9Summary and Analysis Sonnet 8
Summary In this sonnet, the poet compares a single musical note to the young man and a chord made up of many notes to a family. The marriage of sounds in a chord symbolizes the union of father, mother, and child. The first twelve lines elaborate a comparison between music […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 8Summary and Analysis Sonnet 7
Summary Sonnet 7 compares human life to the passage of the sun (“gracious light”) from sunrise to sunset. The sun’s rising in the morning symbolizes the young man’s youthful years: Just as we watch the “sacred majesty” of the ever-higher sun, so too does the poet view the youth. The […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 7Summary and Analysis Sonnet 6
Summary Sonnet 6 continues the winter imagery from the previous sonnet and furthers the procreation theme. Winter, symbolizing old age, and summer, symbolizing youth, are diametrically opposed. The poet begs the young man not to die childless — “ere thou be distill’d” — without first making “sweet some vial.” Here, […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 6Summary and Analysis Sonnet 5
Summary Sonnet 5 compares nature’s four seasons with the stages of the young man’s life. Although the seasons are cyclical, his life is linear, and hours become tyrants that oppress him because he cannot escape time’s grasp. Time might “frame / The lovely gaze where every eye doth dwell,” meaning […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 5Summary and Analysis Sonnet 4
Summary The themes of narcissism and usury (meant here as a form of use) are most developed in this sonnet, with its references to wills and testaments. The terms “unthrifty,” “legacy,” “bequest,” and “free” (which in line 4 means to be generous), imply that nature’s generosity should be matched by […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 4Summary and Analysis Sonnet 3
Summary Drawing on farming imagery, the poet focuses entirely on the young man’s future, with both positive and negative outcomes. However, the starting point for these possible futures is “Now,” when the youth should “form another,” that is, father a child. The sonnet begins with the image of a mirror […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 3Summary and Analysis Sonnet 2
Summary Sonnet 2 continues the argument and plea from Sonnet 1, this time through the imagery of military, winter, and commerce. Time again is the great enemy, besieging the youth’s brow, digging trenches — wrinkles — in his face, and ravaging his good looks. Beauty is conceived of as a […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 2Summary and Analysis Sonnet 1
Summary Shakespeare begins his sonnets by introducing four of his most important themes — immortality, time, procreation, and selfishness — which are interrelated in this first sonnet both thematically and through the use of images associated with business or commerce. The sonnet’s first four lines relate all of these important […]
Read more Summary and Analysis Sonnet 1About Shakespeare’s Sonnets
Introduction to Shakespeare’s Sonnets A sonnet is a 14-line poem that rhymes in a particular pattern. In Shakespeare’s sonnets, the rhyme pattern is abab cdcd efef gg, with the final couplet used to summarize the previous 12 lines or present a surprise ending. The rhythmic pattern of the sonnets is […]
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